Financial Inclusion in India Essay - 623 Words

Financial Inclusion in Karnataka Karnataka is the India’s eighth largest State in terms of geographical size accounting for 6.3% of the geographical area (1, 91,791 square km), 5.05% of the total population (6.11 crore) and approximately 5.5% of the GDP of the country. The State has 30 districts and 176 taluks. The literacy rate in the State is 75.6% (male-82.85% and female-68.13%)(Census, 2011). The State ranks seventh in human development index (HDR 2005). The infrastructure development index of the State was 106.12 as against 100 at all India level, as per estimates of CMIE, 2000. There are 41 Commercial Banks with branch network of 5122, KSCAB with 31 branches, 21 DCCBs with 615 branches and affiliated 4613 PACS, 6 Grameen Banks with†¦show more content†¦It is an unbanked village and people need to travel more than 20 kilometers to access banking services. This village is located in remote area with no basic infrastructures. Researcher visited all households in select cluster and observed that more than 80 per cent of households have the membership in SHGs. More than 20 SHGs exist in this village. Total 726 households are there, among 315 APL family and 318 BPL families and 93 are poorest poor family called Antyodaya families. Researcher selected 146 households for study purpose cluster sampling method was employed to select the households. Total 6 clusters were made by considering special character like caste (SC, ST, OBC and GM), occupation (Agriculture, wage labor). Extent of Financial Inclusion and Exclusion At the beginning, it is need to know the extent of financial inclusion in select village in the sample households. Table 3 shows the extent of financial exclusion in this village. It is evident from the data in the table that 73.29 per cent of households are included in financial inclusion and 26.71 per cent of households are financial excluded. Having bank account is not a financial inclusion. It is also important to know percentage of awareness of financial products and services. The process ofShow MoreRelatedInitiatives For Financial Inclusion Of India2000 Words   |  8 PagesINITIATIVES FOR FINANCIAL INCLUSION IN INDIA Dr. DilipChellani and Dr. Ramamurthy N Introduction: For the first time, the Eleventh Five Year Plan (2007-12) envisaged inclusive growth as a key objective as well as a strategy for economic development. Financial inclusion (FI) can therefore be very well called as 21st century banking. Its main aim is to extend the banking and financial services to every persons (or class of people), Projects (activities in various sectors) and places/parts (rural/semiRead MoreFinancial Inclusion Through India Post1215 Words   |  5 PagesFINANCIAL INCLUSION THROUGH INDIA POST Dr. Joji Chandran PhD ABSTRACT India is having the most widely distributed post office system in the world. With 1,55,333 post offices, the India post comes under the Department of Posts which is a part of the Ministry of Communications and Information Technology under the Government of India. The wide distribution network of India post is one important factor that favours india post as a channel for financial inclusion in India. The search of financialRead MoreTheoretical Background Of Study On Financial Inclusion Essay1109 Words   |  5 PagesTheoretical Background of Study: Introduction: Financial inclusion is the new concept which helps to achieve the sustainable development of the country. It provides banking and financial services to all people in a fair, visible and reasonable manner at affordable cost. The low income Households often lack to access bank account and have to spend time money for several visits to achieve the banking services. Financial inclusion is help to the sustainable societal and economic development ofRead MoreThe Government And Reserve Bank Of India1431 Words   |  6 PagesFinancial inclusion Even after 68 years of independence, still large section of population remains unbanked which mainly include poor people who don’t have regular income or people who are laborers and also large number of farmers are excluded from financial services. This malaise has led generation of financial instability in our country and lower income group faces many problems in terms of financial services because access to financial products and services is very costly for them they can’t effortRead MoreThe Growth And Poverty Improvement Of A Country Essay1539 Words   |  7 Pages INTERNSHIP INTRODUCTION Finance is assumed to be one of the most important tools for the growth and poverty improvement in a country. Financial inclusion is a vision for every country to achieve so that it can provide quality services to its citizens. Govt. Has introduces many schemes to achieve the aim of Inclusive growth and abandoned access to Financial services. Many initiatives, schemes and reforms have been put into the place after independence. Many Cooperative Banks where introduced toRead MoreAn Examination Of Financial Attitudes, Behaviors And Influences Towards Banking1312 Words   |  6 PagesEXAMINATION OF FINANCIAL ATTITUDES, BEHAVIORS AND INFLUENCES TOWARDS BANKING SERVICES- A PATHWAY TO FINANCIAL INCLUSION (A CASE STUDY AT SYNDICATE BANK) Introduction: Banks today for several reasons have become cornerstones of our economy and are the backbone of modern industry and hence the growth and development of nation is depending upon the soundness of the banking system. The general public sector banks (PSBs), which are the base of the keeping money area in India representRead MoreResearch Study On Vijaya Bank Essay1084 Words   |  5 Pagesoperational areas and overall best performance. †¢ The RBI and Government are provided various schemes under financial inclusion program. †¢ As per RBI guideline every bank will offer no frill account and various service and awareness program to promote financial inclusion program. †¢ The Vijaya Bank provides various services like Business correspondent model, No frill account under financial inclusion program. †¢ The Balance sheet and profit and loss account shows that increase the profit 2015 compareRead MoreFinancial Inclusion Of The Jammu And Kashmir State Essay812 Words   |  4 PagesFinancial inclusion, principally when endorsed in the wider framework of economic inclusion, it has an ability to uplift financial conditions and improve the standards of lives of the poor and the underprivileged. Financial inclusion has been successful in other countries India is also trying this for all time to achieve this goal. Access to affordable financial services would lead to increasing economic actions and employment opportunities for rural households with a possible multiplier effect onRead MoreInternal Guide External Guide For Jammu And Kashmir Bank Limited Srinagar1197 Words   |  5 PagesProject Report On â€Å"FINANCIAL INCLUSION [PRADHAN MANTRI JAN-DHAN YOJANA (PMJDY)] WITH REFERENCE TO JAMMU AND KASHMIR BANK LIMITED SRINAGAR† By RAIEES BASHIR USN 1HK13MBA06 Submitted to VISVESVARAYATECHNOLOGICALUNIVERSITY, BELGAUM In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of the degree of MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION Under the guidanceRead MoreDigital Payment Is A Way Of Payment1457 Words   |  6 Pagesside capabilities that support the Indian government’s agenda of financial inclusion. For instance, digital banking offers numerous advantages that work towards improving the same, largely riding on the fact that Indian consumers have shown tremendous preference for digital technologies, with growth rates for e-commerce as well as mobile phone adoption far outstripping rates in developed economies. As per Reserve Bank of India â€Å"Financial Stability Report of 2015-16† the share of electronic transactions

The And Its Effects On The Culture - 1333 Words

Put yourself in this situation: It s a particularly sunny day, and no cloud in the sky. It s a normal day to you, and your going about your business. Carrying out your everyday deeds, believing in the most precious things that you hold to yourself, and then something strange occurs. A shadow of change swoops over your head. Your everyday priorities don’t matter anymore, and your greatest beliefs and goals become your greatest burden. But this imaginary situation is just a mere reality to those who have had their cultural values stripped from them. This situation meticulously depicts the the idea of Chinua Achebe, and the authenticity of the bearings that the Igbo culture had to go through in order to have a successful cultural syncamatic society. This includes religion, education, and economical ideas that are compelled on the culture. The idea enhances and expresses that the process of colonialistic movements can have a devastating outcome on the culture that is stripped from the civilization, thus invading influences on the culture such as missionaries or other colonialistic effect on native, indigenous cultures and traditional beliefs. The colonialistic argumentative novel, Things Fall Apart,by Chinua Achebe is a prodigious depiction on the idea of extreme force of one s ideas on another civilization. It provides a great base with substantial barrier for a solid argument towards the stripping of a civilian culture. The idea that the main character, Okonkwo, has toShow MoreRelatedCulture And Its Effects On Our Culture1298 Words   |  6 PagesAbstract It’s a given that culture powerfully influences thoughts, emotions and behaviors.In fact, culture operates at primary cognitive, perceptual and motivational levels. Culture is an important part of our blueprint for operation within our physical and social worlds. We are an insecure species and culture offers us a reduction of anxiety through its standard rules of thought, emotion and behavior. Culture offers predictability in an often unpredictable world. We see things through a culturalRead MoreCulture Cause And Effect Of Cultural Culture Essay739 Words   |  3 PagesCulture Cause and Effect A cultural analysis is the combination of many elements. Cultures have many traditions, customs, habits, beliefs, practices, and values. The cultures can have different traditions in their own essence. The traditions can came from their ancestors and people continue doing them. Other people does not like continue their own traditions and adapt others customs from others cultures. The cultures change from time to time or place to place. The enrichment of cultures consistRead MoreGlobalization And Its Effects On Culture1087 Words   |  5 PagesGlobalization is commonly examined by simply dissecting its political and economic consequences. As a result, the effects on culture are often overlooked. According to U.S. Census projections, by 2043 non-Hispanic whites will become a minority consisting of 47 percent of the U.S. population (Barreto, et al 1). Examining the world as a whole, a 2015 study by the United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division fou nd that between 1950-2000, an average of 2.8 million peopleRead MoreAnimal Culture And Its Effects On Human Culture1777 Words   |  8 Pages Animal culture is studied through comparative studies between populations and locations, field observations, and laboratory experiments. It is important to be critical in evaluating the results of these studies because behaviors in artificial situations or captivity will be different than in the wild. Animals are likely to act differently when they are not in their natural environment. Behaviors will vary and the long lasting effects of the behaviors may not be visible (Lalaland, 2003). EvidenceRead MoreThe Effect Of Western Culture1873 Words   |  8 Pagesfocused on the effects of western culture, particularly the modern ideals of ultra-thin bodies, on non-western women. The author, Jaita Talukdar, decided to spend some time in India in order to conduct research on the topic. During her stay, she discovered many different things about these Indian women, including what motivates them to want to lose weight, their opinion on the current standards of beauty in western culture, and how these ideals have become ingrained into their culture. Talukdar touchedRead MoreThe Effects Of Hearing Culture On The Deaf Culture1331 Words   |  6 PagesIn light of Deaf Culture, it is truly fascinating how often hearing people rely on auditory information to obtain knowledge from their environment. An environment, in which all cultures live, typically releases some sort of auditory sound such as music, animal, human, and transportation noises. Likewise, the hearing culture has access to the latest information that our world continually creates or changes. The Deaf Culture does not have access to this auditory information that I have mentioned, butRead MoreEffect of culture in business1012 Words   |  5 Pagesfirms in the United States. Do you think that these American employees are being influenced by the foreign owners approach to management and the culture of the country of the owner? Because of globalization, businesses are open to do business in new markets and improving profits. Also because of globalization, companies are faced with different cultures, religion and norms. For a company to do business in another country, a manager needs to understand the differences associated with the host countryRead MoreCulture Shock And Its Effects On Society1004 Words   |  5 Pagesincreasing the recent years in every culture or country. Millions of students have to face the overwhelming challenge of living thousands miles away home and adapting to their new environment without disregarding their studies. Sojourners have to face adapting to a new culture, so they will deal with the â€Å"Culture Shock†. This phenomenon affects every kind of travellers from tourists to immigrants, so international students are not the exception of this. Culture shock is defined as the process of adjustmentRead MoreTelevision And Its Effect On American Culture1171 Words   |  5 P agesTrevor Alexander SOC 102 Dr. Adamo 2/17/15 Television and its effect on American culture When cable TV was introduced in the 1940’s, it opened up a whole new spectrum for channels and broadcasting. From that point on TV channels were expanding on ideas that people wanted to see, while also expressing themselves by making shows that people can relate to. TV both does, and does not have an effect on our American culture, due to the massive spectrum of channels and shows that we have in the presentRead MoreNegative Effects Of American Culture1453 Words   |  6 PagesA culture defines certain people as a whole and helps us distinct one from another. The culture that makes up the collective identity of a nation is made up from their values, beliefs, and attitudes in religion, education, government, geography, history etc. Specifically in American culture we are known for the creation of the Constitution, the Internet, and the Atomic bomb. All great achievements in American history some would say, but others could argue that they have been a disgraceful part of

Le Chateliers Principle Laboratory Essay - 1559 Words

Experiment title: Le Chatelier’s Principle Date conducted: 2/9/2012 Experiment purpose: ï‚ · To determine the effect of a change on a system at equilibrium and to correlate the observed responses with Le Chatelier’s principle. Experiment Chemical list: Student Provided 1 Tap water 1 Toothpicks 1 Distilled water 1 Crushed ice 2 Coffee spoons 1 Rubber bands 2 Beaker, 50 mL, plastic 1 Magnifier, dual 1 Pencil, marking 1 Thermometer-in-cardboard-tube 1 Well-Plate-24 In the Experiment Bag: LeChatelier’s Principle 1 E.D.T.A., .15 M (Na2EDTA) - 2 mL in, Pipet 1 Hydrochloric Acid, 6 M - 2 mL in Pipet 1 Magnesium Chloride, 2 M - 3 mL in Pipet 1 Phenolphthalein Solution, 1% - 0.5 mL in Pipet 2 Pipet, Empty Short Stem 1†¦show more content†¦It should shift to the right because adding the Na2EDTA lowers the concentration of the chloride ion. C. Is this reaction endothermic or exothermic? How do you know? The reaction from question (B) is a shift to the right, more products are formed making it endo thermic. It is consuming energy. Heat is required and heat is a reactant. Part II: Again prepare hot and cold water baths as instructed in Part I, Steps 1 and 2. Note: the reactions in Part II are much more subtle than those in Part I. You may have to wait 30 seconds or longer and look very carefully to observe the reaction and changes taking place! Use your magnifier to better see the changes. 1. Using a 24-well plate, add 5 drops of NaHSO4 sodium bisulfate solution to wells A1, A2, and A3. Add 10 drops to wells A4 and A5. 2. Add one drop of thymol blue indicator to each well. Stir with a clean toothpick and Solution turns wine . 3. Add one drop of Na2SO4 sodium sulfate solution to well A1 and stir with a clean toothpick. Compare the color of well A1 with that of well A2. Well A1 has an orange color compared to well A2 that is wine red. 4. Repeat Step 3, drop-by-drop, until you see a color change. 5. Add a few crystals of solid NaHSO4 to well A3. Stir with a clean toothpick, wait a while, and record your observations. Compare the color of well A3 with that of well A2. Well A3 is purplish compared to A2 that is wine red 6.Show MoreRelatedBiography and Works of Henry Louis Le Chatelier Essay2324 Words   |  10 Pagesso, but I believe that people overlook the outstanding work of Henry Louis Le Chatelier. Le Chatelier studied chemistry extensively in school and made great discoveries as a teacher of the science at colleges in France. He is most known for the principle named after him: Le Chatelier’s Principle, which I will go into detail with later in the paper. My goal in this paper is to bring to light the significance of Le Chatelier’s life and his work in the field of chemistry and science. To achieve thisRead MoreThere were many things that I learned in Module 7 . Some of them where: what is the difference800 Words   |  4 PagesThere were many things that I learned in Module 7 . Some of them where: what is the difference between an acid and a base; what is pH; what is equilibrium, what is Le Chà ¢telier’s principle; and what is oxidation. Here are some of the things that I learned in lesson 07.01 (Acids and Bases) and lesson 07.02 (Acid-Base Reactions). An acid is a substance that produces hydrogen ions, H+ or hydrodium ionsH3O+ in solution. There are three â€Å"kinds of acids†: Arrhenius, BrØnsted-Lowry, and Lewis Acid. AnRead MoreInvestigating Chemical Equilibrium Essay589 Words   |  3 Pagesthe systems. 3. To observe a shift in equilibrium concentrations associated with changes in temperature. 4. To explain the observations obtained by applying Le Chatelier’s principle. Materials Refer to page 209 of Heath Chemistry Laboratory Experiments. Procedure Refer to pages 209 – 211 of Heath Chemistry Laboratory Experiments. Data and Observations Part I: Equilibrium Involving Thymol Blue Table 1 Reagent Added | Stress (Ion Added) | Colour Observation | DirectionRead MoreSynthesis of Banana Flavor2281 Words   |  10 PagesH2SO4+R-COOH→HSO4-+R-C+(OH)2. In this part, Le Chateliers Principle kicks in, and the equilibrium point is slammed to the right as the forwards reaction tries to oppose the lack of water that the sulfuric acid has caused. Le Chatelier’s principle suggests that the amount of ester produced in an equilibrium reaction might be increased either by using an excess of one of the reactants or by removing one of the products. This means that lots of ester gets made. Le Chatelier’s principle states that â€Å"if external stressRead MoreNucleophilic Acyl Substitution: the Synthesis of Esters4130 Words   |  17 Pagesequilibrium depends on the reaction conditions. An excess of the alcohol favor the formation of the ester. While the presence of water drives the reaction backwards. (John McMurry, 2007) This concept of driving thereaction forward makes use of Le Chatelier’s principle states that â€Å"When an equilibrium system is subjected to change in temperature, pressure, or concentration of reacting species, the system responds by attaining a new equilibrium that partially offsets the impact of change.† (Petrucci, 2010) Read MoreChemistry , the Acidic Environment Assignment Hsc2401 Words   |  10 Pagesreactions as a safety measure or to minimise damage in accidents or chemical spills. Neutralisation reactions are used for safety purposes in laboratories and industry since many acids and bases are very corrosive. It is important to neutralise spills of these substances quickly. In addition Sewerage authorities place strict limits on the pH of factory and laboratory effluents discharged to sewers (to prevent the upset of bacterial breakdown or the corrosion of components of the sewerage system), so neutralisationRead MoreLab Report On Chemical Equilibrium4149 Words   |  17 Pagesan equilibrium reaction experiences a â€Å"stress† its response is geared toward minimizing the effect of the â€Å"stress† in order to re-establish chemical equilibrium (Fox). This phenomena was observed and explain thoroughly by French chemist Henry Louis Le Chateliers. Further research in the study of chemical equilibrium has determined the route reactions take in order to re-establish equilibrium. These include change in temperature. When the temperature in a chemical e quilibrium rises, the reaction shiftsRead MoreA Report On Chemical Equilibrium4163 Words   |  17 Pagesan equilibrium reaction experiences a â€Å"stress† its response is geared toward minimizing the effect of the â€Å"stress† in order to re-establish chemical equilibrium (Fox). This phenomena was observed and explain thoroughly by French chemist Henry Louis Le Chateliers. Further research in the study of chemical equilibrium has determined the route reactions take in order to re-establish equilibrium. These include change in temperature. When the temperature in a chemical equilibrium rises, the reaction shiftsRead MoreBrief Historical Development and Contributions of Chemistry for Modern Civilization4507 Words   |  19 Pagesthis substance gas. A new class of substances with its own physical properties was shown to exist. In the second half of the 17th century, the German physician, economist, and chemist Johann Joachim Becher built a system of chemistry around this principle. He noted that when organic matter burned, a volatile material seemed to leave the burning substance. His disciple, Georg Ernst Stahl, made this the central point of a theory that survived in chemical circles for nearly a century. At about the sameRead MoreElectrochemistry7960 Words   |  32 Pages | |1.3 The 20th century and recent developments | |2 Principles | |2.1 Redox reactions

Myth Gender Based Wage Gap - 2641 Words

Myth – Gender Based Wage Gap Raaga Agraharam Soc 101 Introduction: On January 29, 2016, The White House Press Office released a FACT SHEET on new steps to advance equal pay for women. This FACT SHEET states that, â€Å"the median wage of a woman working full-time all year in the United States is about $39,600—only 79 percent of a man’s median earnings of $50,400† (The White House, 2016). However, many scholars and economists disagree that a gender wage gap exists. In addition, conservative political experts and bloggers promote the notion that gender based wage gap is an idea propagated by feminists, women empowering organizations, and progressives. However, almost all the working women in the United States, and organizations such as Institute for Women’s Policy Research (IRWP), and American Association of University Women (AAAU), strongly believe in the existence of the gender wage gap. This sociological issue of equal pay for women is extremely relevant in today’s environment where women perform equal work as men in many occupations. Furthermore, with almost 50% of the work force being women, women contributing equally to the family income, and a large number of women being the single parents supporting children, lack of equal pay over time could increase the poverty rates for women (White House, 2016). In addition, IWPR’s 2015 report on the status of American women, states that if women receive equal pay for the same work, poverty rate among women will see aShow MoreRelatedThe Role Of Women During The Civil War1595 Words   |  7 Pagesbeing undermined in the work force with the wage gap between women and men. Many argue that a wage gap does exist where women are working hard but getting payed less leading to poverty. On the other hand, others argue that the wage gap is merle a myth and is impractical in today s society. Contributing factors like e ducation, family and job choice is what causing a wage gap. The opposing argument claim is that the wage gap is not discriminate by gender, rather controlled factors contribute to womenRead MoreGender Wage Gap And Gender Inequality Essay1519 Words   |  7 PagesGender Wage Gap Lydia Ogles November 2016 Introduction/Abstract The gender wage gap has been a nationwide problem since women were able to enter the workforce. Women have begun to speak out more about the issue and evaluate what they can do to change the industries and how they personally present themselves to help this change. Currently there is a wide range of opinions on this issue, with some saying it does not exist while others think it will ruin the economy if not fixed immediately. This makesRead MoreGender Inequality Between Men And Women996 Words   |  4 PagesTrying to close the wage gap is a very difficult but not an impossible task, and some argue if it’s even worth it. There are two articles on this issue that represent the different sides very well. In Source A, States Attack the Pay Gay Between Men and Women by Teresa Wiltz, she writes about her experience at a company and how she is still paid less than a new employee. Source B consists of Laura Finley giving scenarios to back up her opinions on why the gender pay gap is a myth in Differences in PayRead MoreThe Wage Gap Between Men And Women1337 Words   |  6 PagesMen and women. Even the name of the female gender is derived from the male species. For years, women have been discriminated against in an array of areas such as politics, at home, and in the workplace. The most debated area of gender discrimination is the wage gap between men and women. After reviewing the following facts, it is obvious women are essentially just as valuable as men, and therefore should be treated equally in the workplace. The pay gap between males and females has been a topic thatRead MoreAmerican Association Of University Women1377 Words   |  6 Pagesmatter is that the â€Å"Glass Ceiling† is very real, and so is the wage gap. The Equal Pay Act was signed into law in 1963 as an amendment of the Fair Labor Standards act. The goal of the Act was to order employers to pay men and women equally for essentially equal work. At that time, women were making around 59 cents to every dollar being earned by a man. In the 52 years that have passed since the Equal Pay Act came into play, the gap has diminished by a paltry 18 cents. President Kennedy said theRead MoreDoes The Gender Pay Gap Actually Exist?1221 Words   |  5 Pages Does the Gender Pay Gap Actually Exist? Lecture Outline: The concept of a pay gap between female and male workers has been around for decades, this is because countless studies seek to justify why women earn less than men, and in many disciplines women are more easily subjected to discrimination in comparison to their male counterparts. This unit exposes many underlining factors that ultimately determine whether the gender pay gap truly exists in the contemporary Western hemisphereRead MoreEqual Pay And The Issue Of Ladybucks Essay928 Words   |  4 PagesEqual Pay and the Issue of â€Å"Ladybucks† No matter your gender, profession or where you live, you are affected by the gender pay gap. Gender inequality refers to the unequal treatment or perceptions of individuals based on their gender. (NYC Gender, 1). According to the report prepared by the Joint Economic Committee in April 2016, â€Å"The ratio of women’s to men’s median earnings – known as the â€Å"gender earnings ratio† is approximately 79 percent. That leaves a difference in earnings of 21 percentRead MoreWorking Toward Closing Gender Wage Gaps866 Words   |  4 Pages IV. Action: In California, they are currently working towards closing gender wage gaps. A. According to Jillian Weinberger, a producer at the Center for Investigative Reporting â€Å"the new law will force employers who pay men more for a same job to prove the pay is based on factors other than gender.†(Takeaway, 2015). 1. It will also eliminate pay secrecy by allowing employers to discuss pay without consequences of retribution (Takeaway, 2015). 2. Contrary to what Thompson stated about career advancingRead MoreThe Equal Pay Act: a Failure?800 Words   |  4 PagesThe Equal Pay Act: a Failure? Women have faced gender wage discrimination for decades. The gender pay gap is the difference between what a male and a female earns. It happens when a man and a woman standing next to each other doing the same job for the same number of hours get paid different salaries. On average, full-time working- women earn just â€Å"77 cents for every dollar a man earn.† When you compare a woman and a man doing the same job, â€Å"the pay gap narrows to 81 percent (81%)† (Rosin). Fifty-oneRead MoreThe Issue Of The Wage Gap1184 Words   |  5 PagesThe wage gap is a major issue that is constantly brought up in the work place. Many people use the term â€Å"wage gap† to state how gender can affect someone’s income. There has always been an understanding that men typically made more money than women. For a long time, women were not allowed to work therefore men were in charge of â€Å"bringing home the bacon†. However, times have changed and there are many sit uations where a household is centered off a women’s’ income. Females can become single mothers

Case study on Bromberg And Ribstein On Limited Liability Partnerships

Question: Write a report on points of differences between an employee and an independent contractor? Answer: Introduction A Partnership or a Limited Liability Partnership (LLP) involves the coming together of two or more persons for any lawful cause in order to carry on a business with the objective of making profit. A partnership firm and a LLP have many similarities as the structure of LLP is half derived from a partnership (unincorporated). The other half is derived from the structure of an incorporated form or organization. Thus, a LLP is often considered to a hybrid of a partnership and a company form of organization (Bromberg, 2009). LLP form of an entity has all the advantages of both partnership and a company. It has a nature of partnership which gives it flexibility from the compliance point of view and the limited liability concept of an incorporated company which provides the members of a LLP with limited liability towards its assets in the event of winding up of the LLP (Hurt, n.d.). The most striking features of a LLP are: The liability of the partners are limited as regards to their contributions towards the assets of the LLP in the event of winding up of the LLP, and The demarcation of management and ownership. The members may be the managers, but the existence of management and ownership are separate. Thus, the management and ownership of a LLP is separate just like in a company and the liabilities of its partners are limited unlike in a partnership where the liability of partners is unlimited (Ingle, n.d.). To decide viability and profitability between a partnership and a LLP we should have a clear idea about the points of differences between the two. The table below illustrates the points of differences: Points of Difference Partnership LLP Governing Statute Partnership Act, 1890 LLP Act, 2000 Organizational Status Unincorporated Incorporated Registration Optional Should be registered under the said act. Relationship of Partners Governed by the Laws of Agency. Partners are agents of each other. Fiduciary. Partners are agent of the LLP. Liability of Partners Unlimited or as agreed upon Limited to the extent provided in the Document of Incorporation. Designated Partners No such designation in a partnership. At least two designated partners required who will be responsible for compliance of the applicable regulations and disclosure of information to the Registrar. Constitutional Document Deed of Partnership Document of Incorporation. Commencement of Business Business can be commenced after the execution of the partnership deed. Business can commence only after obtaining a Certificate of Incorporation from the Registrar. Legal Entity A partnership firm does not have a separate legal entity. A LLP is a separate legal entity independent of its members. Management Ownership Management ownership are same. Management ownership are separate. Membership Requirements Minimum 2 and maximum 20. Minimum 2 and there is no upper limit. Registration of Member changes Can be done internally without involving any registration requirement. Changes in the composition of membership should be registered with the registrar. Audit requirement and filing of documents. No such requirement. Required under LLP Regulations 2001 and GAAP. Rights Taxation Profits are distributed among the partners according to their contribution who pay individual income tax for their income. Profits are distributed equally and the members pay individual income tax. Applicability of Companies Act Not applicable. Certain provisions are applicable. Perpetual Succession No. A LLP has a perpetual succession as it is independent of its members. Dissolution A partnership can be dissolved when the deed expires of by simply termination the deed. Proper provisions of the LLP Regulations, Companies Act has to be followed for voluntary winding up or suo moto winding up by the Registrar. Registration for VAT Not applicable. As a LLP is formed as a body corporate, it can register itself for VAT. Binding effect of acts of the Members Acts of members and of the partnership are binding on the other members. Personal liabilities of members arising of acts of any member are distributed jointly and/or severally. Acts of members are binding on the LLP even if a member acts outside his authority provided in the members agreement. There is no personal liability of the members arising for contracts or debts of a LLP and of other members. Applicability of Stamp Duty Stamp Duty is applicable on transfer of land, shares or any other interest in a partnership firm. Stamp Duty is not chargeable on any instrument evidencing a conveyance for a period of one year in respect of a person transferring any property in connection with the incorporation of the LLP. The above table gives us a fair idea about the main points of differences between a partnership and a LLP. Overall, the advantages offered by a LLP puts them in a preferable position when entrepreneurs are floating new businesses (Legislation.gov.uk, 2015). Thus, we can outline some major advantages of LLPs as below: Flexibility: As mentioned earlier, LLPs combine the advantages of a partnership and a company which gives them a strategic advantage in the business field. Setting up a LLP is the easiest and involves negligible cost as compared to formation of a partnership and a company. It contains the flexibility of a partnership and the limited liability concept of a company (Legislation.gov.uk, 2015). Separate Legal Entity: LLP has a separate legal entity just as an incorporated form of organization. It has perpetual succession and is an independent legal person in the eyes of the law (Legislation.gov.uk, 2015). Less Expensive: It is comparatively less expensive while setting up a LLP. Transparent: As a LLP is regulated by a number of legislations, its activities are much more transparent than a normal partnership. It has to file its returns and has regulated disclosure requirements (Legislation.gov.uk, 2015). Ease of Doing Business: A LLP has equal proportions of capital and profits which helps it to do business without any complex calculations relating to admission and retirement of partners, dissolution etc (Legislation.gov.uk, 2015). Reconstruction: Restructuring methods such as mergers and amalgamations are applicable to a LLP which is not available to a partnership firm. Thus, in need a LLP can undertake corporate restructuring in times of need (Mawrey and Riley-Smith, 2012). Acceptance of Public Deposits: This is a grey area as far as the legislations go in the case of LLPs. Generally, acceptance of deposits in the UK are governed by a number of legislations such as the Companies Act, 2006 and section 5 of the Financial Services and Markets Act, 2000 (Regulated Activities) Order 2001. In case of LLPs, The LLP Act and LLP Regulations also come into play (Moore, 2013). A LLP is incorporated as a separate legal entity or as a body corporate, just as a company limited by shares. Public limited companies are allowed to accept deposits from the public at large under the authority of the above mentioned acts. But, the legislations applicable to a LLP, does not provide any restrictive provisions regarding acceptance of deposits in the case of a LLP. Thus, this provides an opportunity for the LLPs to accept deposits from the public. Due care should be taken while doing so by complying with all the necessary disclosure requirement and proper approvals should be applied for. Conclusion Thus, in short, LLPs provide ample of opportunities with a sense of flexibility to carry on business. It provides a proper organizational structure with a separate legal entity which gives transparency. With the ability to undertake corporate restructuring and the option of conversion to a limited liability company, LLPs are definitely way ahead in the race. Therefore, it is my recommendation to go for a LLP which is a corporate form of enterprise. Introduction In the above mentioned question we have to differentiate between an employee and an independent contractor for a business associate who has taken over as the operations manager of a small business. To understand the difference we need to have a clear idea of who an employee and an independent contractor is from the viewpoint of an organization? The demarcation should be clear as the nature of liability of the organization and the business relationship between them depends largely on this clear demarcation. Such demarcation of the nature of business relationship is from a legal point of view and from the taxation point of view (Johnstone, 2010). Who is an employee? Employee is a person who employment is governed by an employment contract. An employee may hold different status under employment rules and tax rules. An employee has specific employment rights and responsibilities with a different set of obligations towards an employer which are different from an independent contractor (Hammond and Hammond, 1919). Employment Rights of an Employee An employee has the status of a worker in a company buy he enjoys certain benefits and obligations out of his employment towards his employer which are different from non-employees (English, 2006). An employee provides services on a continuous basis. The following are the rights and obligations that an employee has: Employment contract includes the Offer Letter and the Appointment Letter. The principal is known as employer and the contracted person is known as employee (Frank, 2010). Compensation is termed as salary which is their source of income for tax purposes. An employee is a part of the organization. The services of an employee are exclusive for his employer (Anon, 2015). Statutory sick leave is granted to an employee along with other leaves such as parental leave and shared parental leave which are treated as paid leaves (Quinlan, 1992). Minimum notice period requirements before resigning. Legislative protection against unfair termination of employment. An employee can be discharged from employment which is the evidence of the amount of control that the management of a company can exercise (Fenwick et al., n.d.). An employee has the right to terminate his employment relationship with the company or the employer without incurring any extra liability. The employee is never in a position to make any profits or loss in the course of his services rendered (Dyer, 2010). Flexible working request right. Time off in case of emergencies. Redundancy pay under statute. Required to work on a continuous basis until the commencement of a leave. Fixed working hours of work. Has to follow a proper organizational structure and hierarchy. Employees cannot be substituted by someone else. Applicable deductions of tax and National Insurance Contributions from their salary. Employee policies and rules of the company are applicable. The employer provides them with all the necessary material resources required to do their respective jobs. Who is an independent contractor? An independent contractor is a self employed person who does not have a separate principal other than himself. An independent contractor runs his business himself and is solely responsible for the profits and losses he makes. This is the major reason why they are not included in employment laws of the UK. Independent contractors are generally hired for a particular job required to be done by a professional on a contractual basis. Their employment ceases on the completion of the work or by terminating the contract (either mutually or if the contract is rescinded by any party to the contract) (Gov.uk, 2015). Employment rights of an independent contractor Although, independent contractors are not covered by the applicable employment laws, they still do have a few rights while under a contract of employment. Following are the rights and obligations of an independent contractor or a self employed person: The job contract is an agreement between the contractor and the company employing the professional. The binding agreement is generally the contract for employment. The compensation is in the nature of contract price payable by the company. The relationship of employer and employee does not exist. He does not form a part of the organization. The services of an independent contractor are not exclusive and are available to anyone who wants to employ them. The agreement is governed by the Contract Act and is available for remedies under the said act. He is not entitled to statutory leaves from employment such as parental leaves. He is not under Pay As You Earn (PAYE) scheme and no deductions are done from the contract price (Gov.uk, 2015). An independent contractor cannot be fired by the management of the company employing his services as the relationship of employer and employee is absent in this case. Casual termination of the contract on the whims and fancies of the contractor cannot be done as this will attract extra liability on part of the independent contractor. They do have a few protections for their health and safety while working in the premises of the contractor. There is no requirement of working for fixed hours. It is mainly concerned by the amount of work done and its completion. No requirements of registration under HMRC. Income is in the nature of business income and is assessed differently under the tax laws. No requirements as to notice period. Engagement can be terminated for any breach of contract or on completion of work. An independent contractor generally makes profit or loss on the successful execution of the job contract as it is a business transaction on part of the contracting parties and is largely due to the fact that the contract price is generally negotiated by the parties to the contract. Has no liability to follow the prevailing organizational structure and hierarchy. All the material and resources required to complete the job are to be brought in by the person contracted to do the job. Arbitration option available in the event of any dispute that arises in the course of work which results in interruption in executing the contract. An independent contractor is not provided any training by the company engaging his services to perform the job. The principal is not concerned about the person who the contractor employs or uses to do the job. Conclusion Thus, the above mentioned points makes it abundantly clear about the points of differences between an employee and an independent contractor. It is utmost necessary to establish a proper nature of relationship between the contracting parties because the nature and extent of liability in each is different. Hiring an employee attracts much more legislative and statutory requirements to be followed by the employer. On the other hand, engaging an independent contractor gives the employer much flexibility and ease as it attracts less legal requirements on part of the employer. The most striking requirement is the registration requirements for the purpose of tax deduction and deduction of National Insurance which are applicable only to the employees of an organization. It is therefore, evident that the people engaged as an employee in an organization enjoy much more rights than an independent contractor. But it is also true that the employees get a fixed amount as salary, but on the other hand an independent contractor may charge a much greater price for rendering his services. Sometimes it becomes necessary for an organization to engage professional people in specialized matters or to do a particular kind of job which is not possible for an ordinary employee. References Anon, (2015). [online] Available at: https:// [Accessed 9 Jul. 2015]. Bromberg, A. (2009).Bromberg and Ribstein on limited liability partnerships, the Revised Uniform Partnership Act, and the Uniform Limited Partnership Act (2001). Austin [Tex.]: Wolters Kluwer Law Business. Dyer, C. (2010). Labour pledges to reform libel laws in England and Wales.BMJ, 340(mar25 2), pp.c1712-c1712. English, B. (2006).A common thread. Athens: University of Georgia Press. Fenwick, C., Howe, J., Marshall, S. and Landau, I. (n.d.). Labour and Labour-Related Laws in Micro and Small Enterprises: Innovative Regulatory Approaches.SSRN Journal. Frank, C. (2010).Master and servant law. Farnham, Surrey: Ashgate. Gov.uk, (2015).Business tax: PAYE - GOV.UK. [online] Available at: https://www.gov.uk/topic/business-tax/paye [Accessed 9 Jul. 2015]. Gov.uk, (2015).Employment status - GOV.UK. [online] Available at: https://www.gov.uk/employment-status/selfemployed-contractor [Accessed 9 Jul. 2015]. Hammond, J. and Hammond, B. (1919).The village labourer 1760-1832. London: Longmans, Green. Hurt, C. (n.d.). The Limited Liability Partnership in Bankruptcy.SSRN Journal. Ingle, D. (n.d.). Hybrid of Partnership and Corporation IE: 'Limited Liability Partnership' Critics.SSRN Journal. Johnstone, S. (2010).Labour and management co-operation. Burlington, Vt.: Gower Pub. Legislation.gov.uk, (2015).Companies Act 2006. [online] Available at: https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2006/46/contents [Accessed 9 Jul. 2015]. Legislation.gov.uk, (2015).Limited Liability Partnerships Regulations 2001. [online] Available at: https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2001/1090/schedule/2/made [Accessed 9 Jul. 2015]. Legislation.gov.uk, (2015).Limited Liability Partnerships Act 2000. [online] Available at: https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2000/12/contents [Accessed 9 Jul. 2015]. Legislation.gov.uk, (2015).Partnership Act 1890. [online] Available at: https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/Vict/53-54/39/contents [Accessed 9 Jul. 2015]. Legislation.gov.uk, (2015).The Financial Services and Markets Act 2000 (Regulated Activities) Order 2001. [online] Available at: https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2001/544/article/5/made [Accessed 9 Jul. 2015]. Mawrey, R. and Riley-Smith, T. (2012).Butterworths commercial and consumer law handbook. London: LexisNexis. Moore, M. (2013).Company Law Statutes 2011-2012. Hoboken: Taylor and Francis. Quinlan, M. (1992). Making Labour Laws Fit for the Colonies: The Introduction of Laws Regulating Whalers in Three Australian Colonies 1835-1855.Labour History, (62), p.19.

Immigration Museum Cultural Diversity In Australia

Question: How does the Immigration Museum present the history of cultural diversity in Australia? Answer: Introduction Here in this report, the researcher will try to critically evaluate the cultural diversity of Australia and on that very note will evaluate the role of the Immigration Museum in keeping the immigration history of the country intact. The Immigration Museum of Victoria successfully maintains remnant of the immigration history of the country which categorically exposes the very era of the Austalian history in which people from other countries found their residing places in the various parts of the country. The history of immigration in Australia can be traced back to the date of 1820 when for the first time whalers and sealers have arrived on the Australian coast and marked the beginning of the immigration tradition of the country (Walsh, 2008). The tradition of immigration in Australia is a never ending process and the immigration process is still on even in the present day. The government of Australia also puts great emphasis on this very immigration culture. The multicultural nature of the country is an outcome of the intermingling between people living in the various parts of Australia, but belonging to different countries who use to have different spoken language, attitude, beliefs and thought process (Taylor, 2001). The Immigration Museum has successfully recorded the gradual process of immigration that took place in this beautiful piece of earth. Here the researcher will try to capture this very essence of the Immigration Museum in which it becomes the banner bearer of Australias cultural diversity. Immigration Museum The Immigration Museum of Victoria, the popular most museum of the country, was located at the heart of the city of Victoria. The reasons behind choosing the Old Customs House as the most appropriate place for establishing the museum is partially due to the fact that in this very house there are ample records available about the goods which were exported and imported from the country since time immemorial. Apart from that the very house contains certain important documents which had detailed news about the immigrants who came to this country and the inhabitants who left the country for ever. These documents greatly help the museum in collecting necessary details about the immigration history of the country. The museum is designed in such a way that it is really easy for a visitor to find any portion from the immigration history of the country with little effort and intention. The floor plan of the Immigration Museum of Victoria is built in such a way that each and every part of the museum clearly displays documents, mementos and remnants of a particular phase of Australian history. Soon after entering into the Immigration museum one can surely find places like Atrium, Courtyard, Education Centre, Grand Foyer, and Long Room (Museumvictoria.com.au, 2015). The museum is designed in such a way that it successfully categorises each and every phase of the Australian immigration history with minute details. The museum has separate sections in which the proofs of the Chinese, African, West European and Italian immigrants are properly demonstrated. The way in which the entire mus eum is designed, it will not be an exaggeration to say that the museum itself becomes a living example of the cultural diversity of the country. Cultural Diversity of Australia Australia is a multicultural country (Healy, 2005). People from different parts of the world find this very place appropriate for establishing their habitation here. The country stretches its hands of support for the immigrants in such a way so that the immigrants can gain equal opportunity of earning livelihood, building up residing places and sustaining in this part of the earth along with its native people. The cultural diversity of the country raises its voice of support for the fact that the native people of the country also make a place for their immigrant counterparts so that they can live tension free in this very country. In the opinion of Wright (2013) the intermingling between the native people of Australia and the immigrants proves to be an enriching experience for the culture of both the native Australians and that of the immigrants. It is necessary to understand that at this very juncture that the immigrant population of the country did not come from a particular overseas country. According to Campbell (2005), people from various parts of the world has gathered in this place only in search of an earning opportunity or for a safe place to reside. As far as the viewpoint of Walsh (2008) goes, the he immigrant population of the country primarily arrived at the Australian as a part of their attempts of doing business in this very land. Way back in 1820, a large number of sealer and whalers came to the Australian shore purely with the intension of doing business in this country. However, the situation is not always the same for all the immigrants coming to this country. The majority of the Chinese and African Immigrants found this place to be highly safe for building up residences to stay. The people from the other parts of the world used to get attracted by the ample resources that the country has with which any hum an being can ensure his/her future sustainability. Dunstan (2003) opined that the way in which the immigration history of the country evolved through a number of phases, it will not be an exaggeration to say that the countrys present state is the result of the combined effort formulated both by the native and immigrant population of the country. The immigrant population of the country becomes an inseparable part of the Australian society and it is pretty difficult to draw a line of difference between the immigrant population and the original native population of the country (Schwarz, 2003). In order to trace the ways in which this immigrant population becomes an inseparable part of the Australian society, it is indeed necessary to gain a good grasp over the immigration history of the country. Immigration history of the country The immigration process of Australia can be divided in the following process. Back in the year 1820, temporary immigration took place in the country of Australia. On the other hand, in the year 1830, immigrants came and resided from New South Wales and United Kingdom. In 1840, United Kingdom contributed more to the list of immigrants. Year 1850 is of great importance as immigrants from United States, Denmark, Germany, etc came to contribute to the labour force. In the year 1880, Chinese immigrants added to the list of immigrants. From the year 1900- 1960, there was a great depression in the country that held the functions of the immigrants. However, from 1960 onwards immigration process started again with several updated policies (Press.anu.edu.au, 2015). The way in which the immigrant population becomes an inseparable part of the country can be successfully depicted by posing a look at the official figures of the Australian government in which the government tries to relate the originality of the Australian employees working in the public sector companies. From the figure mentioned in the appendix, it can be inferred that the immigrants of the country Australia is full of diversities. It can be further deduced that 1.3 percent of people comes from North America and the Middle East portion, 1.4 percent of people comes from America, 1.8 percent of the people comes from the Eastern Europe region. On the contrary, North-east Asia contributes 2.9 percent of the immigrants, while Oceania and Antarctic contributes 3.8 percent. The most of the contribution comes from Southern and Central Asia, South East Asia and UK and Ireland. They contribute 4 percent, 4.2 percent and 6.2 percent respectively. (Refer to Appendix) This further reflects that the country of Australia is full of diversities. The population of Australia comes from various parts of the whole world. This further shows the country is full of cultural diversities. Therefore, the country needs to take several steps to measure and manage the cultural diversities of the whole country. The labour force of the country forms the core of the country. Therefore, the country needs to take several steps to minimize the risk of diversities. Conclusion It is really necessary to understand that the Immigration Museum of Victoria successfully keeps track of the immigration history of the country in which the coming of the immigrants in the Australian nations are successfully depicted. The immigration museum is successful in keeping pace with the historical development of the country in which the immigrant population plays an important role. The museum has been successfully designed in such a way that each and every phase of the immigration history of the country can gain special mention. The way in which the Australian immigrants find their places in the Australian society has got special mention in the museum. In addition to this, the historical development of the Australian society reveals a special phase in which the immigration population plays a large role in maintaining the multicultural nature of the Australian society. There is little doubt that Immigration Museum will provide immense help to the social researchers by providi ng ample information about the immigration history of the country. Reference List Campbell, P. (2005). Cultural diversity in music education. [Bowen Hills, Qld.]: Australian Academic Press. Davies, C. (2005). Enacting cultural diversity through multicultural radio in Australia. Communications, 30(4). Dunstan, P. (2003). Cultural Diversity for Life: A Case Study From Australia. Journal of Studies in International Education, 7(1), pp.64-76. Healey, J. (2005). Multiculturalism in Australia. Thirroul, N.S.W.: Spinney Press. Museumvictoria.com.au, (2015). About Us: Immigration Museum. Press.anu.edu.au, (2015). Chapter5.Migration, social cohesion and cultural diversity. Schwarz, A. (2003). Modes of un Australianness and un Germanness: Contemporary debates on cultural diversity in Germany and Australia. Journal of Australian Studies, 27(80), pp.211-220. Taylor, T. (2001). Cultural Diversity and Leisure: Experiences of Women in Australia. Loisir et Socit, 24(2), p.535. Walsh, J. (2008). Navigating Globalization: Immigration Policy in Canada and Australia, 1945-2007 1. Sociological Forum, 23(4), pp.786-813. Wright, C. (2013). How Do States Implement Liberal Immigration Policies? Control Signals and Skilled Immigration Reform in Australia. Governance, 27(3), pp.397-421. Appendix

The Treadway Tire Company

Executive Summary Located in Lima, Ohio, the Lima Tire Plant is one of the top plants among the eight manufacturing enterprises within the Treadway Tire Company faced the problems of high turnover and job dissatisfaction which threaten the morale and productivity. Defining the root causes of the current issues, developing the measures for overcoming them and evaluating the following implications against the required costs are the main targets of this strategic plan.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on The Treadway Tire Company specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The cost-cutting mandate, the current hiring patterns based mainly on informal performance assessment for the following internal promotions, inconsistencies in the foremen’s functions and responsibilities and the lack of communication can be regarded as the leading underlying causes of the existing problem. The attempts of changing the hiring patterns an d initiating the training program were made by Ashley Wall, the Director of Human Resources but were rejected by the senior management due to the lack of the financial rationale for the strategy. Emphasizing the financial implications of improving the corporate culture through enhanced communication and workers’ commitment would be helpful for explaining the benefits of implementing the strategy to senior management. The major stages of the action plan include the investigation of the main deficiencies, changes in the hiring patterns trough developing a detailed performance assessment framework including the criterion of the communication skills and enrollment of the employees into the training program intended to enhance their awareness on the importance of effective communication, the strategic plan and the system of rewards for the improved communication. The changes in the hiring patterns, employees’ enrollment into the training program and the development of compr ehensive frameworks for performance assessment and rewards is crucial for overcoming the high turnover and job dissatisfaction problems and preventing the hazards of reducing the corporate morale and productivity at the Lima Tire Plant. Introduction The Lima Tire Plant as one of the plants of the Treadway Tire Company faces the problem of the high turnover rates and employees’ dissatisfaction with their working conditions and environment. The tire plant located in Lima, Ohio employs 1,120 workers, 970 of whom are hourly employees unionized by the United Steelworkers (USW) and the rest 150 are salaried workers. The salaried managers supervise the line production employees called line foremen who are responsible for the four main domains, including Quality Assurance, Material Control, Production, and Maintenance.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The three main sources p ut into the basis of the hiring patterns include the internal promotions of highly-performing hourly employees, external hires of the college graduates and the company transfers of the experienced employees from other Treadway plants with the special emphasis upon the internal hires (up to 80% as of December 2006). Ashley Wall as a Director of Human Resources transferred to the Lima Plant 2006 attempted to change this hiring pattern by giving more consideration to the external hires of the college graduates. With the variety of challenges in the tire manufacturing domain, including the increased raw material costs and the intense competition in the market sector, the company has adopted the cost-cutting mandate. However, disregarding the reduced financing, the problems of turnover and job dissatisfaction cannot be ignored due o their impact upon the efficiency of manufacturing processes. Statement of the problem The lack of communication between the various levels of management and employees at the Lima Tire Plant, one of the plants at the Treadway Tire Company, resulted in the overall job dissatisfaction and high turnover rates. The threats towards morale and productivity are the main problems which need to be handled by the human resource department of the Lima Tire Plant in the current context of cost-cutting. The lack of communication and understanding between the management levels and the plant employees caused dissatisfaction of all the participants of the working process. On the one hand, the foremen, who are responsible for meeting the industrial targets but may lack knowledge of industrial engineering and unable to influence the disciplinary issues, feel disconnected from the rest of the plant. The responsibilities of the foremen were mainly limited to filling the reports and schedules and bearing the responsibility for the production forecasts though deprived of power for affecting the outcomes.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on The Treadway Tire Company specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More On the other hand, the hourly employees who may become the victims of the foremen’s dissatisfaction felt the lack of respect from them and were indignant with their managerial style. In general, the current hiring and managerial patterns have a negative impact on the working environment, the employees’ commitment and corresponding results. While the senior management rejected the offered rotational program and training due to the lack of funds and the current cost-cutting mandate, the problem of turnover and job dissatisfaction are undertreated, proper measures need to be imposed for defining its rooting causes and selecting the appropriate strategies for improving the situation. The opportunities of possible solution The solution of the turnover problem is significant for making the Lima Tire Plant one of the top enterprises within the Treadway Tire Company. Th e recognition of the turnover and job dissatisfaction problems by the senior management of the plant and serious consideration of the measures which need to be taken for improving the current situation are crucial for not only improving the working environment but also increasing the manufacturing outcomes in general. Taking into account the complexity of the issues involved into the sphere of the high turnover in the foremen positions, a thorough analysis of the root causes of the existing problem is required for detecting the main drawbacks of the current practices and developing the strategies for improving them. The main opportunities of improvements include the changes in the hiring and managerial patterns along with corporate training for enhancing the foremen’s knowledge on the industrial engineering processes, disciplinary issues and improving communication between the line foremen and senior management as well as foremen and hourly employees. The system of monetary r ewards for the improved communication between the various groups of employees can become an effective means of motivation. The measures which can be taken for overcoming the problem of high turnover and job dissatisfaction combine the changes in the implemented patterns for hiring the foremen and distributing the responsibilities, thus making changes in the company’s hiring philosophy, developing a system of monetary rewards and training the employees for communicating the idea of the necessary changes and enhancing their awareness of the engineering processes and the recent changes. Discussion Regarding the proposed opportunities for solving the problem of the high turnover and the lack of communication between the various groups of employees at the Lima Tire Plant, the issues deserving consideration include the costs of the required changes against the possible benefits of the implemented changes.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In the context of the cost-cutting mandate, the prior rotation program has been rejected by the senior management. In that regard, an elaborate analysis of the main underlying causes of the turnover, communication failures, and dissatisfaction and their financial impact upon the plant’s manufacturing outcomes is required for illustrating and justifying the offered strategy. Through the research, it has been discovered that the informal system for measuring the employees’ performance without any definite assessment criteria appeared to be ineffective for selecting the internal candidates for the promotion to the foremen positions. Complimenting the criterion of meeting the business forecasts with the parameters of overall competence and successful communication with senior management and hourly employees would allow conducting a more complex evaluation of the performance and selecting the best candidates for the promotion. Regarding the training programs aimed at enhanc ing foremen’s knowledge on industrial engineering and building the communication bridges between the participants of the working process, it is essential to discuss the impact of the communication failures upon the working environment, employees’ commitment and manufacturing outcomes. Along with exploring the significance of improved communication through training the employees, the system of monetary rewards for any significant success can be valuable for improving their motivation and involving them into the process of implementation of a new strategy. The proposed solution includes the changes in the company’s hiring and promotion patterns, training for enhancing competence and communication and a system of monetary rewards for the merits in implementing a new strategy which however requires proper consideration of the implied costs against the advantages and disadvantages of undertaking the changes. The strengths and limitations of the prior research The pri or research conducted by Ashley Wall as a Director of Human Resources at the Lima Tire Plant was valuable for providing the insight into the leading underlying causes of the high turnover and job dissatisfaction problems but lacked consideration of the financial impact of the existing drawbacks against the costs required for undertaking the changes and the motivational factor significant for involving the employees into the implementation program. Thus, shedding light upon the drawbacks of hiring practices, certain inconsistencies in the foremen’s responsibilities and the lack of communication between the various groups of employees, the prior research touched upon the significant root causes of the existing problem. The changes in the hiring patterns and rotation training offered by Wall could be effective at the initial stage of changing the current practices within the plant. The lack of consideration of the financial impact of the problem can be regarded as the main reaso n for which the senior management rejected the initiative on the premise of the cost-cutting mandate. Another limitation of the prior research is the lack of attention towards the employees’ involvement in the change-making process. The monetary compensation for the additional efforts is significant for increasing the workers’ commitment and ensuring the success of the initiative. A plan and strategy statement The action plan for solving the problems of high turnover and job dissatisfaction at the foremen level includes a comprehensive analysis of the financial impact of the discussed issues upon the plant’s overall performance, changes in the current hiring patterns and consideration of the opportunities of corporate training and a system of monetary rewards for improving the employees’ motivation. The first part of the strategy includes the analysis of the implications of the current practices for providing the rationale for undertaking the changes. Thi s goal was partially achieved by Wall who has collected the information from the employees’ profiles and interviews. The following research stages require consideration of the financial side of high turnover and lack of communication. Development of a detailed hiring framework is another significant stage of the action plan aimed at selecting the best candidates for the foremen’s positions. Another critical part of the strategy is the training program aimed at communicating the idea of the changes to the employees, enhancing their competence and developing the communicative skills which are necessary for the successful business performance of the plant in general. The integration of the information on the system of monetary rewards into the training program is crucial for improving the employees’ motivation and commitment during the reformation of the current practices. A strategy aimed at overcoming the existing turnover and communication problems should integr ate the changes at all levels of the plant, including the hiring patterns employed by senior management, the training program involving all employees and schemes used by all workers in their daily professional communication. Implications of the strategy The implementation of the offered solution will affect various dimensions of the Lima Tire Plant performance, including the corporate culture in the form of the hiring patterns, promotion perspectives and business communication, the human resource level and the financial performance of the plant. Due to the mutual relationships between the different dimensions, a complex perspective should be adopted for evaluating the program outcomes. Changes in the hiring patterns and proper training of the foremen are expected to have an impact upon their performance and job satisfaction, improving the working condition for the hourly employees at the same time. The system of monetary rewards is intended to improve the workers’ motivation and commitment. On the other hand, taking into account the fact that the discussed changes would require certain investments, the following benefits need to be measured against the required costs. Conclusion In general, it can be concluded that regardless of the cost-cutting mandate, the changes in the current practices of the Lima Tire Plant are needed for overcoming the high turnover, communication and job dissatisfaction problems at the foremen level and improving the overall business performance of the enterprise. The reconsideration of the hiring patterns, development of the detailed performance assessment framework, training programs, and monetary rewards system are crucial for the successful implementation of the discussed strategy. Reference List Skinner, W. Beckham, H. (2008). Treadway Tire Company: Job dissatisfaction and high turnover at the Lima Plant. Harvard Business Review. This report on The Treadway Tire Company was written and submitted by user Coleman U. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.